分类： sangna

Main listed companies in dry-type transformer industry:At present, the listed companies in domestic dry-type transformer industry mainly include (688,676), (600,089), (600,550) and (002,112).

Core data of this article:Development history, supply and demand, price, industrial chain, market scale, regional pattern, enterprise pattern and development trend of dry-type transformers.

1. Overview of dry-type transformer industry

— — Definition: It has obvious advantages in low noise, energy saving, fire prevention and long service life.

Dry-type transformer refers to a transformer whose core and winding are not immersed in insulating oil. Like ordinary transformer, it is mainly composed of core and winding. It realizes cooling by air convection, and has the characteristics of flame retardancy, fire prevention, explosion prevention, environmental protection, safe and reliable use, simple and convenient installation and maintenance, and can go deep into the load center.

Compared with the comprehensive technical and economic performance of low noise, energy saving, fire prevention, saving civil construction cost, operation and maintenance management fee and a life of up to 30 years, dry-type transformers show their obvious advantages, so they are widely used in high-rise buildings, subways, railway stations, airports, hospitals, petrochemical enterprises and mine interiors.

From the perspective of manufacturing technology, dry-type transformers mainly have two types: immersion type and epoxy resin type, among which epoxy resin type is divided into epoxy resin casting type and epoxy resin winding type.

2) Analysis of industrial chain of dry-type transformer industry: There are many raw materials in the upstream.

The upstream of dry-type transformer industry mainly includes ordinary steel, silicon steel sheet, nonferrous metals such as copper and aluminum, and epoxy resin as the packaging material of dry-type transformer, while the downstream industries mainly include petroleum and petrochemical, power grid construction, urban rail transit and other industries.

The upstream of dry-type transformer needs more raw materials, and the enterprises involved mainly include enterprises in steel industry, such as,, and so on; Silicon steel sheet industry,,, etc.; Non-ferrous metal industry,,, etc. Jiangsu Sanmu and Kunshan South Asia in epoxy resin industry.

The main listed companies in the midstream dry-type transformer industry are TBEA, Baobian Electric, Sanbian Technology and Jinpan Technology.

The downstream application industries mainly involve power industry, petrochemical industry and rail transit industry.

2. Development course of dry-type transformer industry in China: it began to grow rapidly after 1989.

In China, ZSG-1800/10 air-cooled H-class dry-type transformer was successfully developed by Shenyang Transformer Factory in 1966, SG3-800/10/1.2/0.4 self-cooled H-class dry-type transformer was successfully developed by Shanghai Transformer Factory, and SCL-630 epoxy casting transformer was designed and developed by Shanghai Transformer Factory at the end of 1970s.

In terms of output, the output of dry-type transformers in China has increased significantly since the second meeting of urban network transformation in 1989. Since the 1990s, it has increased by about 20% every year. In 1999, the total output has approached 10,000 MVA (which has greatly exceeded the forecast of 45,000 MVA 10 years ago), while in 2002, the total output reached 20,000 MVA, and in 2004 it reached 32,000 MVA.

3. Upstream supply of dry-type transformer industry in China: Silicon steel sheet is the main raw material of dry-type transformer.

— — Ordinary steel production: steel production began to pick up.

In terms of output, China’s steel output has been higher than that of crude steel and pig iron for a long time. From 2011 to 2014, the output of steel, crude steel and pig iron in China showed an increasing trend year by year; In 2014, China’s steel output increased to 1.125 billion tons, setting a historical record; In 2015-2017, due to the national supply-side reform, de-capacity and the decline in the growth rate of real estate investment, the output of steel, crude steel and pig iron in China declined compared with 2014;

However, with the steady development of the world economy in 2018, China’s steel output began to pick up. In 2020, China’s steel, crude steel and pig iron output were 1.325 billion tons, 1.064 billion tons and 888 million tons respectively, with year-on-year growth rates of 9.96%, 6.83% and 9.77% respectively.

From 2021 to October, the national output of pig iron, crude steel and steel products were 734 million tons, 87,700 tons and 112,200 tons respectively, up by -3.2%, -0.7% and 2.8% respectively.

From 2008 to 2014, the production and sales rate of China’s steel industry was mostly between 99% and 100%, close to 100%, reflecting that China’s steel industry was in a state of oversupply. In 2014-2015, after the adjustment of domestic industrial structure, the production and sales rate declined. From 2016 to 2018, China’s production and sales rate gradually increased. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2020, China’s steel production and sales rate will be 99.95%, and steel supply and demand will be relatively balanced.

According to the statistics of China Iron and Steel Industry Association, from January 2020 to May 2021, China’s comprehensive steel price index showed a downward trend, with a minimum value of 132.36 in May 2021.

2) output of silicon steel sheet: the output in 2020 will be nearly 12 million tons.

From 2015 to 2018, the output of silicon steel sheets in China increased from 8.809 million tons to 10.161 million tons. According to the public data of Electrical Steel Branch of China Metal Society, in 2020, the output of silicon steel sheet in China was 11.1811 million tons, including 9.6049 million tons of non-oriented electrical steel and 1.5762 million tons of oriented electrical steel.

The silicon steel sheet used in dry-type transformer core is oriented silicon steel. Since 2020, the price of oriented silicon steel in China has been declining continuously. As of May 2021, the price of oriented silicon steel in China is about 13,750 yuan/ton.

3) Output of non-ferrous metals: The output of aluminum reached 44.78 million tons in the first three quarters.

From 2014 to 2020, the refined copper production in China showed an overall growth trend, and the domestic refined copper production capacity expanded significantly. At the same time, the stable, sustained and rapid development of China’s industrial aluminum profile national economy and high technology has promoted the rapid development of China’s aluminum smelting and aluminum profile processing industry.

From 2014 to 2020, the output of refined copper in China is increasing year by year. In 2020, the output of refined copper in China is 10.09 million tons. In the first three quarters of 2021, China’s refined copper output reached 7.76 million tons.

In terms of aluminum production, from 2014 to 2020, the output fluctuated. In 2020, the cumulative aluminum production in China reached 57.793 million tons, and in the first three quarters of 2021, the aluminum production in China reached 44.78 million tons.

According to the copper price index data of China Hardware & Electrical Index, the domestic copper price index showed a downward trend at first and then an upward trend from 2012 to 2020. From 2012 to 2016, the copper price index decreased year by year. After 2017, the copper market price trend fluctuated little. As of March 31st, 2021, the copper price index in 2021 was 92.07.

The aluminum price index changes in a "W" shape. In 2012-2015, the domestic aluminum price index was basically above 93. Since the price index dropped sharply in 2017, the aluminum price index was below 90 in 2017-2018. In 2019, the aluminum price index began to rise. As of March 31st, 2021, the aluminum price index was 106.62.

Note: The copper price index is above, and the aluminum price index is below.

4. Downstream development of dry-type transformer industry in China: the main application fields are electric power and rail transit, and the high-frequency transformer field is a new development field.

— — Power construction: the overall balance of power supply and demand in China

From 2011 to 2020, the electricity consumption of the whole society will increase year by year. In 2020, the electricity consumption of the whole society will be 7.51 trillion kWh, up by 3.95% year-on-year, and the power supply and demand situation in China will be generally balanced. With the effective control of the epidemic and the gradual implementation of the country’s counter-cyclical control policies, the resumption of work, production, business and market has continued to achieve remarkable results, and social electricity consumption has steadily recovered.

At the end of 2019, in the "Notice on Further Strictly Controlling Power Grid Investment" issued by China, it was clearly put forward that the output should be fixed, the scale of power grid investment should be strictly controlled, efficiency and benefit should be focused, and power grid investment management should be strengthened. This move marks the official end of the era of large investment in power grid. In 2020, State Grid will continue to reduce grid investment.

From 2015 to 2018, the investment in power supply projects in China showed a downward trend, and it began to pick up in 2019. In 2019, the investment in power supply projects of major power generation enterprises nationwide was 313.9 billion yuan, up 12.6% year-on-year. According to the statistics of China Electric Power Enterprise Association, in 2020, the investment in power supply projects in China will further increase to 524.4 billion yuan.

2) Rail Transit: The operation lines of urban rail transit are on the rise.

From 2015 to 2020, the operation lines of urban rail transit are on the rise. According to the statistical annual report data of Urban Rail Transit Association, in 2020, 44 cities across the country (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) opened 233 urban rail transit lines and added 39 urban rail transit lines.

From 2015 to 2020, the length of urban rail transit lines in China will increase year by year. According to the statistical annual report data of Urban Rail Transit Association, in 2020, 45 cities in China mainland have opened 7,978.19 kilometers of urban rail transit lines, an increase of 18.43% compared with 2019.

3) High-frequency transformer: In 2020, the market scale will be nearly 14 billion yuan.

High-voltage frequency converters can be subdivided into two series: universal high-voltage frequency converters and high-performance high-voltage frequency converters. Their application fields involve electric power, mining, cement, metallurgy, petrochemical and other industries. They can realize soft start, intelligent control, speed regulation and energy saving of various loads such as fans, pumps, air compressors, hoists and belt conveyors driven by high-voltage motors, thus effectively improving the energy utilization efficiency, process control and automation level of industrial enterprises.

Among them, the universal high-voltage inverter mainly realizes the purpose of energy saving by adjusting the motor speed, and is mainly used in the drive control of fans and pumps in the fields of electric power, mining, metallurgy, cement and so on. By using vector control and energy feedback technology, high-performance high-voltage inverter has the characteristics of constant torque, fast dynamic response, high speed regulation accuracy, wide speed regulation range and fast braking compared with general high-voltage inverter, and can realize energy feedback to the power grid when load braking. High-performance high-voltage inverter is suitable for high-end fields such as mine hoist traction frequency conversion, rolling mill frequency conversion drive, ship drive and high-speed locomotive owner drive.

China’s high-voltage inverter market has maintained a high growth rate. From 2012 to 2020, the market scale of high-voltage inverter will continue to grow, and the growth rate will fluctuate. Judging from the downstream performance of power, building materials and rail transit and the negative impact of epidemic superposition, the growth rate of downstream application demand in 2020 is less than that in 2019, and the growth rate will slow down. In 2020, China’s high-voltage inverter market will reach 13.7 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 3.0%.

5. Analysis of the development status of dry-type transformer industry in China.

— — Supply side: the number of enterprises has a downward trend, and the output has dropped.

In terms of output, the output of dry-type transformers in China expands with the expansion of the capacity of transformer industry in China. From 2013 to 2018, China’s dry-type transformer output fluctuated. In 2019, the national dry-type transformer output maintained a slight increase, reaching 273 million KVA. root

According to interviews with people in the industry and authoritative experts, the output of Jinpan Company will reach 20.12 million KVA in 2020. According to the fact that the company’s dry-type transformer output will account for 7.7%-7.84% of China’s dry-type transformer output in 2018-2019, it is predicted that the output of Jinpan Intelligent Technology dry-type transformer will account for about 8% of the total industry output in 2020. Based on this calculation, the output of dry-type transformers in China will be about 251.5 million kva in 2020.

2) Demand side: Dry-type transformers account for about 15% of the transformer industry market.

At present, dry-type transformers account for about 10%-15% on average in ordinary cities, and about 50% in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other cities. However, due to the relatively small application of dry-type transformers in rural distribution networks in China, dry-type transformers account for 15%-20% of transformer applications as a whole.

In 2018, the sales revenue of China’s transformer industry was about 249.1 billion yuan, and in 2019, the sales revenue of China’s transformer industry was 258.1 billion yuan. Based on the calculation that dry-type transformers account for 15% of the transformer industry market, in 2018 and 2019, the sales revenue of dry-type transformers in China was 37.4 billion yuan and 38.7 billion yuan respectively.

It is preliminarily estimated that the sales revenue of China’s transformer industry will be about 267.1 billion yuan in 2020. Based on the calculation that dry-type transformers account for 15% of the transformer industry market, the sales revenue of China’s dry-type transformer industry will be about 40.1 billion yuan in 2020.

3) Price: related to available voltage and materials.

The prices of dry-type transformers are differentiated according to different materials and voltages. In 2020, the prices of some products of dry-type transformers are shown in the following table:

6. Analysis of market competition pattern of dry-type transformer in China.

— — Regional competition pattern: development concentration in East China

In China, dry-type transformers currently account for a relatively high proportion in large and medium-sized cities, and their application in rural power distribution networks in China is relatively small, accounting for about 50% in cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Zhejiang Province is the most concentrated industrial area of dry-type transformers in China, followed by Jiangsu Province, Shandong Province and Guangdong Province. It can be seen that East China is the best area for the development of dry-type transformer industry at present.

2) Competition pattern of enterprises: There are four camps, and fewer enterprises can produce 110kV dry-type transformers.

Transformer is an essential transmission and distribution equipment in power generation industry, and its demand is closely related to the investment scale of power grid. On the whole, the competition in China transformer industry is fierce, the number of domestic transformer manufacturers is also growing rapidly, and the competition in the low-end transformer market is fierce. In recent years, the rapid development of new energy power generation industry has brought better development space for transformers, and it has also become an important direction for transformer manufacturers to seize market segments and expand their business scope.

Transformer enterprises in China can be divided into four camps: ABB, AREVA, Siemens, Toshiba and other multinational group companies have formed the first camp with technical and management advantages, occupying 20%-30% market share;

Large domestic enterprises, such as Bao Bian, Te Bian and Xi Bian, occupy 30%-40% market share by upgrading the technical level and grade of their products, forming a second camp;

The manufacturing enterprises represented by Jiangsu Huapeng Transformer Co., Ltd., Qingdao Qingbo Transformer Co., Ltd., Shunte Electric Co., Ltd., Shandong Dachi Electric Co., Ltd. and Hangzhou Qianjiang Electric Group Co., Ltd. formed the third camp;

Many private enterprises have formed a certain market share and formed the fourth camp because of their flexible management mechanism and no unproductive burden.

Judging from the development of major dry-type transformer enterprises at present, there are few enterprises that can produce 110kV dry-type transformers, and most of them are 35kV (38.5kV under high voltage). Among them, Jiangsu Huapeng Transformer Co., Ltd. and Shandong Jinmanke Electric Group Co., Ltd. are the few domestic enterprises that can produce 110kV dry-type transformers.

Jiangsu Huapeng Transformer Co., Ltd. successfully developed the world’s first 40000kVA 110kV dry-type transformer in March 2020, and its performance level reached the international leading level.

7. Development prospect and trend forecast of dry-type transformer industry in China.

— — "One Belt, One Road" Power Cooperation Trend

At present, the per capita electricity consumption along the "Belt and Road" is far below the world average. Among them, the per capita electricity consumption in Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East is relatively high, and South Asia is the lowest. In 2019, the per capita electricity consumption of countries along the Belt and Road Initiative was about 1,700 kWh/year, which was only about half of the world average (about 3,400 kWh/year).

Among them, the per capita electricity consumption in Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East exceeds the world average; The per capita electricity consumption in South Asia is only 790 kWh/year. Along the "Belt and Road" is one of the regions with the fastest growth rate of electricity demand in the world in the next 20 years, with the fastest growth rate in South Asia and the slower growth rate in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

From the scale of new investment, renewable energy power generation will surpass traditional fossil energy power generation. Consistent with the overall trend of power development in the world, low-carbon and clean-up are also the development directions of the "Belt and Road" power, and most countries along the "Belt and Road" have formulated policies related to low-carbon transformation of power generation. It is estimated that the investment in new renewable energy power generation along the "Belt and Road" in 2019-2040 will be 37% more than that in fossil energy power generation.

Judging from the newly installed capacity, both wind power and hydropower exceed each other. In view of the rapid decline in the cost of wind power and solar energy, and the development of hydropower is greatly constrained by environmental protection, immigration and other issues, the newly installed capacity of solar energy and wind power along the "Belt and Road" will be larger than that of hydropower in the next 20 years, which is also consistent with the global development trend.

The construction of transnational power grids along the "Belt and Road" has begun to take shape, but the degree of interconnection of transnational power grids is still slightly lower than the world average. In the next 20 years, the scale of power grid investment along the Belt and Road Initiative will be 2.58 trillion US dollars, accounting for 42% of power investment. Among them, the investment scale of South Asia Power Grid is the largest, with 1.11 trillion US dollars, followed by Southeast Asia, Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East.

Southeast Asia’s power grid investment accounts for the highest proportion of power investment, reaching 53%, while other regions are less than 50%. Among them, the transnational interconnection lines along the Belt and Road are an important part of power grid investment.

2) Opportunities brought by the increase of electricity price to power grid construction

In recent years, the state has adjusted the benchmark grid price and sales price of coal-fired power generation in many provinces, canceled the collection of special funds for industrial enterprise structure adjustment from power generation enterprises, and reduced the collection standards of national major water conservancy project construction funds and large and medium-sized reservoir resettlement support funds by 25% each.

The new income obtained by power grid enterprises will be mainly used in the following three aspects. First, make up for the environmental cost increase factors such as energy saving and emission reduction, including the increase of desulfurization cost. Second, it is used for the renovation expenditure of residential users’ electricity meters. In the future, in the process of "one household, one meter" transformation, power grid operating enterprises shall not charge residential users for the transformation of electric meters.

In addition, the new income obtained by power grid enterprises may also be used to make up for the increased power purchase cost of power grid enterprises due to rising fuel costs.

3) UHV has become the focus of power grid construction, and the demand for high-end transmission and distribution equipment has surged.

State Grid released the action plan of "peak carbon dioxide emissions, Carbon Neutralization", and proposed that 18 measures will be taken in the future to contribute to the realization of "peak carbon dioxide emissions, Carbon Neutralization", among which the continued construction of UHV transmission of clean energy is one of the measures. At present, the UHV channel has been gradually fully delivered, increasing the transmission capacity by 35.27 million kilowatts; It is planned to build 7 UHVDC circuits, with an additional transmission capacity of 56 million kilowatts. Together with the UHV transmission capacity built in the southern power grid area, the UHV transmission capacity is expected to exceed 100 million kilowatts at the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan.

Generally speaking, we are optimistic about the approval of UHV planning, and UHV is expected to really enter the construction peak in the next few years on the premise of frequent power shortages in a wide range, high-end equipment manufacturing supported by the state and high certainty of overall investment in power grid.

4) The output and sales amount of dry-type transformers in China will continue to rise.

In recent years, with the acceleration of urban and rural power grid construction, China’s power generation and electricity consumption are increasing day by day. Usually, for every 1kW of power generation, the total transformer capacity of 11kVA needs to be increased; Among them, the distribution transformer accounts for about 1/3-1/2 of the total capacity of all transformers. It is estimated that dry-type distribution transformers account for about 1/5-1/4 of all distribution transformers, and as a whole, including the application of power distribution transformers, the proportion of dry-type transformers in transformers in China is between 10 and 15%.

In recent years, due to the investment in power grid construction, the market prosperity in the field of power transmission and distribution has increased, and the output of transformers and dry-type transformers will show a rising trend. However, due to the high capacity base of transformers in China, the growth rate will show a relatively stable state. From 2013 to 2019, the compound growth rate of dry-type transformer output is 5.50%, which is special in 2020 due to epidemic situation.

It is predicted that the output of dry-type transformers will continue to grow in the future. It is predicted that by 2026, the output of dry-type transformers in China will exceed 324.1 million kva. It is estimated that by 2026, the industry sales revenue will be about 56.7 billion yuan.

Please refer to Foresight Industry Research Institute for the above data and analysis. At the same time, Foresight Industry Research Institute also provides industrial big data, industrial research, industrial chain consultation, industrial atlas, industrial planning, park planning, industrial investment attraction, IPO fundraising feasibility study, prospectus writing and other solutions.

Basic characteristics of palm oil

Palm oil, as an important vegetable oil, occupies a decisive position in the global edible oil market. It is mainly produced from the fruits of oil palm trees in tropical areas, and has unique physical and chemical characteristics, which makes it widely used in food processing and non-food fields.

First of all, palm oil has a high saturated fatty acid content, which makes it solid at room temperature, with good stability and not easy to be oxidized and deteriorated. This characteristic makes palm oil very suitable for making margarine, baked goods and fried food.

Secondly, among the unsaturated fatty acids in palm oil, the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to polyunsaturated fatty acids is moderate, which helps to balance the demand of human body for fatty acids. However, due to its high saturated fatty acid content, excessive intake may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, so it needs to be used and consumed in moderation.

In addition, the production efficiency of palm oil is extremely high, and the oil yield of oil palm trees is much higher than other oil crops, such as soybeans and rapeseed. This makes palm oil have obvious advantages in economy, but it also brings environmental and social problems, such as deforestation and indigenous rights and interests.

Application field of palm oil

Palm oil is widely used, mainly divided into food and non-food fields. In the food field, palm oil is often used to make baked goods, candy, ice cream, instant noodles and so on. Its good thermal stability and flavor retention ability make it one of the first choice oils in food processing industry.

In non-food fields, palm oil is also widely used in the production of cosmetics, detergents and biodiesel. The fatty acid composition of palm oil makes it have good moisturizing and moisturizing effects in cosmetics, while it can provide good decontamination ability in detergents. In addition, palm oil can also be converted into biodiesel through transesterification, which has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as a renewable energy source.

Market dynamics of palm oil

Palm oil market is affected by many factors, including supply and demand, climate change, policies and regulations. Because palm oil production is mainly concentrated in Southeast Asia, such as Malaysia and Indonesia, climate change and policy changes in these areas will have a major impact on the global palm oil market.

For example, extreme weather events such as drought or flood may affect the output of oil palm trees, resulting in a shortage of supply, which in turn pushes up prices. In addition, countries’ policy support for sustainable palm oil production will also affect the market demand and price trend of palm oil.

The following are some key characteristics of palm oil compared with other major vegetable oils:

Through the above comparison, we can see the uniqueness of palm oil in fatty acid composition, which determines its advantages and limitations in different application fields. Understanding these characteristics is the key to grasp the market dynamics and make wise decisions for futures investors and practitioners in related industries.

　　Official website, the Education Department of Jiangxi Province, reported on the 10th that since 2021, in order to implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the construction of teachers’ team and the ten standards of teachers’ professional behavior in the new era, and further strengthen the construction of teachers’ morality and style, schools all over Jiangxi Province have seriously investigated and dealt with a number of cases of teachers’ violation of teachers’ morality and style in accordance with relevant regulations. Now six typical cases are announced as follows.

　　1. Zheng Moumou, a teacher of Shangrao Normal University, made inappropriate remarks and kept the proper relationship problem with students.

　　Since 2018, Zheng Moumou, a teacher from the School of Literature and Journalism and Communication of Shangrao Normal University, has published improper political remarks in the Weibo, used improper teaching materials in the course of teaching, and kept proper relationship with the students. His behavior violated the first and sixth provisions of the Ten Codes of Professional Conduct for College Teachers in the New Era. In January 2022, according to the Regulations on Teachers’ Qualifications, the Interim Provisions on the Punishment of Staff in Institutions, and the Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Education on the Handling of Teachers’ Morality Anomie in Colleges and Universities, Zheng was downgraded (to the lowest level), transferred from teaching posts, revoked the qualifications of college teachers, and included in the teacher qualification restriction library. Due to dereliction of duty in education management, the relevant leaders of the college have been held accountable.

　　Two, Jiangxi New Energy Technology Vocational College Liu Moumou and other five teachers seek improper benefits.

　　In December, 2021, five counselors, including Liu Moumou, Lai Moumou, Qi Moumou, Li Moumou and Zhang Moumou, of Jiangxi New Energy Technology Vocational College cooperated with off-campus training institutions to organize 127 students from five classes of Photovoltaic Power Generation College to take the "Low-voltage Electrician Certificate" exam, and obtained an intermediary fee of 17,145 yuan. His behavior violated the ninth and tenth provisions of the Ten Codes of Professional Conduct for College Teachers in the New Era. In April, 2022, according to the Implementation Measures for Handling Teachers’ Morality Anomie in Colleges and Universities in Jiangxi Province and other relevant regulations, five people, namely Liu Moumou, Lai Moumou, Qi Moumou, Li Moumou and Zhang Moumou, were punished with gross demerits, and the annual performance appraisal bonus in 2022 was cancelled, as well as the professional title evaluation and qualification evaluation within two years. The relevant agency fees were returned according to relevant regulations, and Liu Moumou was removed from the post of General Branch Secretary of Photovoltaic Power Generation College.

　　Third, the problem of Tu Moumou, a teacher of Qingxian School in Jinxian County, Nanchang City, paid for remedial classes

　　During the period from the beginning of September 2021 to the National Day, Tu Moumou, a teacher of Qingxian School in Jinxian County, Nanchang City, used his spare time to tutor the students in this class, and charged a total of 12,500 yuan for tutoring. His behavior violated the tenth provision of the Ten Codes of Professional Conduct for Primary and Secondary School Teachers in the New Era. In February 2022, according to the Interim Provisions on Disciplinary Actions of Staff in Public Institutions and the Implementation Measures for Handling Violations of Professional Ethics of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Jiangxi Province, Tu Moumou was punished by demerit, deduction of reward performance pay, reduction of post level, etc. The illegal income was returned according to relevant regulations.

　　Fourth, Zhou Moumou, a teacher of Hudong School in Yongxiu County, Jiujiang City, and Li Mou and Gan Moumou, teachers of Hengfeng Middle School, violated the rules and took part-time jobs in off-campus training institutions.

　　From September to November, 2021, three teachers, Zhou Moumou, a teacher from Hudong School in Yongxiu County, Jiujiang City, and Li Mou and Gan Moumou, teachers from Hengfeng Middle School, took part-time classes in an off-campus training institution in Yongxiu County and got paid. His behavior violated the fourth provision of the Ten Codes of Professional Conduct for Primary and Secondary School Teachers in the New Era. In December, 2021, according to the "Implementation Measures for Handling Professional Ethics Violations of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Jiangxi Province" and other relevant regulations, three teachers, Zhou Moumou, Li Mou and Gan Moumou, were punished by demerit, deduction of incentive performance salary, cancellation of the current year’s evaluation and promotion qualification, informed criticism and other treatments, and the illegal income was returned according to relevant regulations. Hudong School and Hengfeng Middle School in Yongxiu County were disqualified from the current year’s evaluation and evaluation.

　　V. Kong Moumou, a teacher of xiangdong district Special Education School in Pingxiang City, violated the rules and took part-time jobs.

　　From 2019 to 2021, Kong Moumou, a teacher of xiangdong district Special Education School in Pingxiang City, participated in the management and enrollment of a private kindergarten, and illegally charged 15,000 yuan for labor. His behavior violated the fourth provision of the Ten Codes of Professional Conduct for Primary and Secondary School Teachers in the New Era. In January, 2022, according to the Regulations on Disciplinary Actions in the Communist Party of China (CPC), Interim Provisions on Disciplinary Actions of Staff in Public Institutions, and Implementation Measures for Handling Violations of Professional Ethics of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Jiangxi Province, Kong was punished by warnings within the Party, disqualification of evaluation and promotion within two years, deduction of incentive performance pay and incentive subsidies, and informed criticism of the education system in the whole region, etc., and the labor fee illegally received was returned according to relevant regulations.

　　6. The corporal punishment of students by Deng Moumou, a teacher of Enjiang Middle School in Yongfeng County, Ji ‘an City.

　　From September to October, 2021, Deng Moumou, a teacher of Enjiang Middle School in Yongfeng County, Ji ‘an City, repeatedly imposed corporal punishment such as slapping on many students. His behavior violated the fifth item of "Ten Standards of Professional Conduct for Primary and Secondary School Teachers in the New Era" and the twelfth provision of "Disciplinary Rules for Primary and Secondary School Education (Trial)". In January, 2022, according to the "Implementation Measures for Handling Violations of Professional Ethics by Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Jiangxi Province" and other relevant regulations, Deng Moumou was given a warning and cancelled the qualification for evaluation in the current year.

　　The teachers involved in the above six cases ignored the regulations and violated the discipline, which touched the bottom line of teachers’ morality, damaged the interests of the masses and the image of teachers, and exposed the weak links in teacher management and the construction of teachers’ morality and style in some cities, counties and schools in our province. A few teachers have a weak sense of teaching according to law and their self-cultivation needs to be strengthened. Education administrative departments in all parts of the province and schools at all levels should strictly implement the first standard of teachers’ morality and style, continue to strengthen the ideological and political work of teachers and the construction of teachers’ morality and style, carry out in-depth warning education, and increase the investigation and punishment of teachers’ morality and style, so as to find, investigate and blame together. The majority of teachers should take the case as a mirror, enhance their awareness of teaching according to law, stick to the initial intention of educating people for the party and the country, constantly improve their personal ethics, love their posts and work hard, be honest and teach, and strive to be "four haves" good teachers satisfied by the party and the people.

CCTV News:During the Spring Festival, the consumption of "food basket" products such as meat, eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables and fish is at its peak. Is the current market supply guaranteed? Can the follow-up supply keep up? Look at the reporters’ field visits in Shandong and Anhui.

In Linyi, Shandong, a large supermarket, the reporter saw that "food basket" products such as meat, eggs and milk were dazzling, and the shelves were piled up.

The supply and marketing of "vegetable basket" products are booming, and the staff are busy replenishing goods back and forth. In the interview, the reporter learned that in order to ensure the supply of the Spring Festival market, all localities strictly implement the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, and decompose the compaction responsibility layer by layer. Many supermarkets directly contact upstream suppliers and production bases to create direct sales zones.

In many supermarkets and farmers’ markets in Anhui, the reporter saw that vegetables such as green vegetables, beans and cauliflower are rich in variety and sufficient in supply. The leafy vegetables, which had a large price increase before, were generally stable because of sufficient supply and increased market volume.

According to the latest release of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, during the Spring Festival this year, the total supply of "vegetable basket" products such as meat, eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables and fish in China is sufficient. In mid-January, the area of vegetables in fields nationwide was over 75 million mu, an increase of 2.45 million mu year-on-year. Together with vegetables stored in winter, the supply of vegetables was guaranteed during the Spring Festival. Apples, pears and other fruits are abundant in stock, and citrus and other fruits are listed in large quantities. During the festival, the total fruit market is sufficient and there are many varieties.

　　Author: Chen Tao (Hefei Institute of Material Science, China Academy of Sciences); Wan Jinbo (China Academy of Sciences Technology Strategy Consulting and Research Institute)

　　Core view

　　To speed up the cultivation and development of new quality productive forces is to promote industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation, apply scientific and technological innovation achievements to specific industries and industrial chains in time, transform and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries, lay out and build future industries, improve the modern industrial system, and achieve high-quality development.

　　Scientific and technological innovation is the core element of developing new-quality productive forces, and pillar industries are the main positions of developing new-quality productive forces. Scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation demand each other and promote each other. Scientific and technological innovation is the source of industrial innovation, which is driven by industrial innovation and human pursuit of a better life. To speed up the cultivation and development of new quality productive forces is to promote industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation, apply scientific and technological innovation achievements to specific industries and industrial chains in time, transform and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries, lay out and build future industries, improve the modern industrial system, and achieve high-quality development.

　　First, strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength.Major original and leading scientific and technological innovation is the source of developing new quality productivity. The scientific and technological innovation system led by the national strategic scientific and technological strength focuses on the national strategic needs, and at the same time, it is derived to promote the overall promotion of pillar industries, the cultivation of emerging industries and future industries. The first is to select topics around the national strategic needs. National strategic scientific and technological forces, such as national laboratories, national scientific research institutions, high-level research universities and leading scientific and technological enterprises, focus on major scientific and technological issues that affect and restrict economic and social development and national security, turn the list of issues into a list of tasks, and tackle key problems in basic frontier fields such as quantum technology, information and integrated circuits, artificial intelligence, life and health, biological breeding, aerospace and ocean, advanced materials and manufacturing, new energy, resources and environment. The second is to focus on strategic tasks and innovate organizational models. Focusing on strategic needs, we will form major scientific and technological research projects, build a research system that matches tasks and projects, select strategic scientists from a global perspective, gather superior forces to carry out cross-disciplinary and interdisciplinary collaborative research, and form major original and leading scientific and technological achievements. The third is to optimize resource allocation around strategic objectives. Guided by the optimal allocation of innovative resources, we will carry out strategic-oriented major tasks, achieve breakthroughs in key areas, promote major achievements "laying eggs along the way", and provide strategic, forward-looking and basic scientific and technological innovation support for cultivating new quality productivity.

　　Second, strengthen the main position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises.Enterprises are the key subjects to absorb and create subversive technologies and cutting-edge technologies, gather innovative resources, and cultivate and develop new quality productivity. The first is to guide resource elements to gather in enterprises. Give full play to the role of financial integration in supporting scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and promote the iterative upgrading of standards, rules, brands and values of scientific and technological enterprises. Establish industrial venture capital funds in key areas, actively develop venture capital, attract and incite social capital, expand patient capital, drive more scientific and technological resources to gather in enterprises with strong innovation ability and high innovation efficiency, and promote the innovation and development of enterprises. The second is to support leading enterprises to participate in key core technology research. Focusing on the key core technology of "sticking the neck", we will deploy projects, platforms and tasks in an integrated manner, guide enterprises to participate in major national science and technology projects and key national R&D plans, and accelerate breakthroughs in basic technologies such as key components, parts and basic materials. Promote leading enterprises in science and technology to condense key issues and needs from major application scenarios, form major scientific and technological tasks, and increase the policy and resource guidance for enterprises to participate in topic selection. Third, support leading enterprises to take the lead in organizing collaborative innovation in Industry-University-Research. Give full play to the leading and integrated role of leading enterprises in science and technology, efficiently allocate the elements of innovation resources in Industry-University-Research, unite universities and institutes to form an innovation consortium around key scientific research tasks, drive small and medium-sized enterprises to integrate innovation, and jointly build innovation chain, industrial chain and supply chain in a wider scope to form an innovation cluster.

　　Image source: Xinhua News Agency

　　Third, strengthen the synergy between scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.Improving the overall efficiency of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation is an important focus of developing new quality productivity. The first is to strengthen coordination between the central and local governments and between regions. According to the national financial final accounts data, in 2022, the national fiscal expenditure on science and technology was 1,112.84 billion yuan, of which the central and local fiscal expenditure on science and technology accounted for 34.2% and 65.8% respectively. It is necessary to adhere to a national chess game, promote national strategic regional coordination, closely focus on national strategic scientific and technological needs and regional scientific and technological innovation layout, and form effective convergence and overall allocation of resources. The second is to strengthen innovation synergy in Industry-University-Research. The essence of Industry-University-Research’s deep integration is the effective connection and optimal combination of scientific and technological innovation resources and industrial innovation resources. It is necessary to deploy innovation chain around the industrial chain and innovation chain around the industrial chain to enhance the level and competitiveness of science and technology and industrial development. The third is to strengthen the cooperation between business entities and innovation entities. Universities, institutes and enterprises focus on innovation goals, give full play to their respective advantages through task traction, strengthen collaborative innovation between science and technology and industry, bridge the information asymmetry and resource mismatch between R&D and production, and turn innovation advantages into competitive advantages in developing new quality productivity.

　　Fourth, strengthen industrial quality and competitiveness.Enhance the flexibility and resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain, and ensure that the industrial chain and supply chain are self-controllable, safe and reliable. First, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. Empower the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries with advanced technology, accelerate cross-border integration and innovation and iterative application of technology, promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of manufacturing industry, and realize the transformation of industrial development from factor-driven and efficiency-driven to innovation-driven The second is to optimize the systematic layout of emerging industries and future industries. Consolidate and expand the leading edge of 5G, intelligent networked new energy vehicles, new energy and other industries, accelerate the development of frontier emerging hydrogen energy, new materials, innovative drugs and other industries, actively create new growth engines such as bio-manufacturing, commercial aerospace and low-altitude economy, and open up new tracks such as "artificial intelligence+",quantum technology and life sciences. Accelerate the tackling of major tasks, combine regional reality, strengthen system layout, highlight characteristic advantages, and form a differentiated development pattern with complementary advantages. The third is to comprehensively improve the level of industrial development. Using advanced technology to empower industrial upgrading, chain owners take the lead in promoting chain building, chain extension, chain supplement and chain strengthening, and drive small and medium-sized enterprises to enter the chain, forming a development pattern of supporting upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and enhancing the integrity, stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain. Accelerate the cultivation of strategic emerging industrial clusters, fully release the spatial agglomeration effect of knowledge clusters, industrial clusters and innovation clusters, and enhance the influence, radiation and competitiveness of various parks.

　　Fifth, build a new production relationship.Scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation are dynamic and have great uncertainty. To establish a new production relationship that is compatible with the new quality productivity, it is necessary to further deepen the reform in an all-round way and give full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources, the guiding role of government policies such as science, technology and industry, and the linking role of social mechanisms. The first is to strengthen the traction of innovation and development goals. Clarify the strategic objectives of regional scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation to support the construction of a strong country in science and technology and an economic power, refine the measurement indicators and action plans, form a basic system to support comprehensive innovation, and provide institutional guarantee for the development of new quality productive forces. The second is to promote scientific and technological innovation, industrial innovation and institutional innovation. Around the logic of scientific and technological innovation, industrial innovation market logic and capital logic, we will build a high-standard national unified market, create a good innovation ecology and business environment, open up the blocking points and blocking points of the flow of production factors, and smooth the virtuous circle of "science and technology-industry-finance". The third is to deepen the reform of economy, education, science and technology, talents and other systems. Strengthen the consistency between reform and macro-policy orientation, deepen the comprehensive reform of educational science and technology talents, and work together with economic system reform and supply-side structural reform to form a joint force. Promote the integration of production and education, science and education, cultivate more strategic scientific and technological talents, leading scientific and technological talents and innovative teams, and transform the advantages of regional scientific and technological education talents into new kinetic energy and advantages for innovation and development.

Special feature of 1905 film network On December 20th, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Macao’s return to China, a film jointly produced by the Program Center of the Film Channel and iQiyi Beijing Technology Co., Ltd. will be broadcast simultaneously on CCTV-6 Film Channel and iQiyi website.

"You know Macau is not my real name. I have been away from you for too long, mother." The melodious melody of Song of Seven Sons still lingers in our ears. In a blink of an eye, Macao has returned to the embrace of the motherland for 20 years.

What kind of 20 years is this? In the long river of history, it may just be a drop in the ocean, but for every Chinese, the "Mama Port" that has been swept away from historical humiliation has opened a new era of prosperity and development.

The film See Lotus again, jointly produced by the Program Center of Film Channel and iQiyi, is a specially customized work to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Macao’s return.

The film is starring Yang Xuchen, Hei Lui, Bruce Lee and Yang Lei, written by Liu Hua and Yuan Wei, and directed by Yuan Wei and Tony Gao. Under the grand theme, See Lotus again shows the development and changes of local social life since Macao’s return from different perspectives, such as bosom friend, mentor, father and son, by describing a series of stories that happened in Mazu statue carving family.

The statue carving in Macao originated from the folk beliefs of local fishermen and has a history of more than 400 years. It is the first project in Macao to win the honorary title of "National Intangible Cultural Heritage". Today, it not only represents Macao’s human history, but also entrusts Macao people’s yearning for a peaceful and peaceful life.

The imaginative use of "sculpture" in See Lotus again has contributed to the "fate" between Liao Jichang, a sculptor of Macao gods, and Gu Songlin, a sculptor living in Beijing. The inspiration for the creation comes from an interview with Mr. Guo Baozhai, a famous sculptor of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, who is the prototype of the statue of "Prosperous Lotus" in Macao: "Prosperous Lotus" was a gift from the central government to the Macao SAR government and to the Hong Kong SAR in 1999.

Because of this "Lotus in Prosperity", Liao Jichang and Gu Songlin have not only become "friends with swords" and bosom friends of appreciate each other, but their 20-year-long friendship has also witnessed the rapid changes in the local area.

In See the Lotus again, the creators use some ingenious details to turn the daily life of the little people into a special footnote of the great era. For example, Gu Songlin traveled back and forth between the mainland and China several times in 20 years, and this time he told Liao Jichang that he chose to take the bus specially in order to personally feel how convenient the newly completed "Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge" was.

In addition to the friendship passed down from father to father, See Lotus also takes care of the growth of young people in Macao. From Liao Zihao, the inheritor of the idol carving family, and Ajia, a girl who runs a dessert shop independently, we can not only see the vitality of Macao, but also contact ourselves and find the momentum and resonance of the struggle for life among the same generation.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once suggested during his inspection in Macao that "Song of Seven Sons" "can always hear new ideas and be deeply moved". This is also a true portrayal of Macao’s return to the motherland for 20 years: the wanderers’ attachment to their motherland has never changed, and the successful practice of "one country, two systems" with Macao characteristics has continuously injected new vitality into Macao.

At the end of the film See Lotus Again, Liao Jichang and Gu Songlin overlook the streets and lanes of the city and feel the real influence and changes brought by "one country, two systems" to Macao. They have walked together and witnessed for 20 years, and the "tomorrow" of Macao will be left to young people to continue to describe and create.

At 20: 15 pm on Friday, December 20th, let’s experience the great difference of the 20th anniversary of Macao’s return to China in See the Lotus again!

　　In November 2015, when the Supreme Leader presided over the 11th meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group, he stressed that while moderately expanding the total demand, efforts should be made to strengthen the structural reform of the supply side, improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, enhance the momentum of sustained economic growth, and promote the overall leap of China’s social productivity level. This is the first time that the supreme leader comrade has put forward a major proposition of supply-side structural reform. The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of 2015 clarified the key tasks of supply-side structural reform "three to one, one reduction and one supplement". The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of 2016 and the important speeches made by the top leaders at the 38th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the 15th meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group further enriched the theoretical and practical connotation of the supply-side structural reform, and provided scientific guidance for further promoting the supply-side structural reform. The supply-side structural reform is connected with the new normal of economic development, and the other is connected with the reform of economic system, which has deepened the reform in an all-round way and integrated development and reform. The implementation for more than a year has significantly promoted the adjustment of China’s economic structure and promoted the quality and efficiency of development. Comrade Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that the structural reform on the supply side is a tough battle with a long-term relationship with the overall situation. We should further deepen our understanding of supply-side structural reform, firmly grasp the main line of supply-side structural reform, and strive to win this tough battle.

　　Continuous development: actively adapting to and leading the new normal of economic development

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the background of profound changes in the economic situation at home and abroad, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made a major judgment that China’s economic development has entered a new normal in due course. The word "new" just reveals that the economic environment we are in is very different from the past. Understanding, grasping and leading the new normal has become the great logic of doing a good job in economic work at present and in the future. Judging the economic situation with the big logic of the new normal will find that:

　　Since we are facing the new normal of economic development instead of the old normal, it is the only choice to embark on a new way of economic work and build a new pattern of macroeconomic regulation and control based on the realistic national conditions that China’s economy is evolving to a more advanced stage with more complicated division of labor and more reasonable structure.

　　Since the prominent contradictions and problems faced by China’s current economic operation are mainly caused by structural factors, which are not cyclical factors and aggregate factors, the economic cycle is not smooth due to major structural imbalances; There are structural problems on both sides of supply and demand, but the main aspect of contradictions is on the supply side. So, focusing on solving these outstanding contradictions and problems that are very different from the past and finding a way out from the supply side and structural adjustment will of course become a new focus of macroeconomic policy.

　　Since the fundamental cause of these major structural imbalances lies in institutional obstacles, in the failure of the market to fully play a decisive role in resource allocation, and in the failure to better play the role of the government, it is undoubtedly a new foothold for macroeconomic policies to break through institutional obstacles and achieve a new dynamic balance between supply and demand by means of reform.

　　These changes can be summed up as follows: compared with the previous macro-economic management based on aggregate adjustment and focusing on the demand side, and mainly relying on policy operation, the macro-economic management under the new normal should be based on structural adjustment and focus on the supply side, and be implemented mainly through reform.

　　The major proposition of supply-side structural reform is formed and evolved into the main line of economic work under such conditions and based on such scientific judgment. That is to say, supply-side structural reform is closely linked to the new normal of economic development. It is precisely because economic development has entered a new normal that supply-side structural reforms must be implemented; Supply-side structural reform can only be truly implemented if it is based on adapting to and leading the new normal of economic development.

　　One-stop reform: traction and promotion of comprehensive deepening reform

　　Standing at a new historical starting point, the biggest difference between the comprehensive deepening reform deployed by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee and the previous reforms is that it is not a reform in a certain field, nor a reform in a few fields, but a reform covering economic system, political system, cultural system, social system, ecological civilization system and other fields, involving both productive forces and relations of production, economic base and superstructure. It is systematic, holistic and coordinated. Setting the direction, choosing the key points, seeking the layout, and promoting the reform in important areas and key links as a whole around enhancing the systematicness, integrity and synergy of reform are obviously the central issues that cannot be avoided and bypassed in comprehensively deepening reform.

　　Since it is a comprehensive reform, it is necessary to make an overall plan for what the reform in various fields is ultimately for and what kind of overall effect it will achieve. In view of the fact that comprehensive deepening reform involves a series of institutional and institutional transformations, each reform will affect or affect other reforms, and each reform also needs the cooperation of other reforms. The goal put forward around comprehensive deepening reform cannot only cover one or a few fields, but should cover all fields and dominate all fields. Therefore, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee established "perfecting and developing the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity" as the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform.

　　Since we are aiming at such an overall goal to deepen the reform in an all-round way, we need to choose the breakthrough point and main clue in the linkage and integration of reforms in various fields and promote them with emphasis. China’s reform focuses on the reform of the economic system, and comprehensively deepening the reform is initiated on the basis of the remarkable achievements in the economic system reform and the establishment of the socialist market economic system. No matter from which aspect, in order to achieve the overall effect of reform and form the overall effect of reform in the linkage of economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization, so as to realize the modernization of state governance, economic system reform is still a reform field with "bull’s nose" effect. This means that to comprehensively deepen reform, we should take economic system reform as the focus of traction and promotion of reforms in various fields.

　　Now that we have entered the new normal of economic development and noticed the objective fact that the new normal of economic development is closely related to the supply-side structural reform, it is not difficult to find that both the promotion of economic system reform and the comprehensive deepening of reform are inseparable from the supply-side structural reform. Information from all sides also shows that most of the key points and difficulties in China’s current economic system reform are either on the supply side or on the structure, which are intertwined with the supply side and structural problems. For example, the core issue of economic system reform is to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market, so that the market can play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government. Among them, whether it is the role of the market in resource allocation, the role of the government, or the coordination of the two, it is a supply-side and structural issue. It can be seen that to promote comprehensive and deepening reform with the focus on economic system reform, we can only and must start from the supply-side structural reform and start around the main line of supply-side structural reform; Reform and development can only and must be closely linked, seeking development through reform and seeking reform through development.

　　Structural reform from the supply side — Economic system reform — It can be clearly seen from the relationship chain of comprehensive deepening reform that we should continue to deepen the economic system reform with the supply-side structural reform as the main line, and further promote the "three to one, one reduction and one supplement" with reform methods, take deepening decentralization, combining management with optimization of service reform as the important content of the supply-side structural reform, and continuously increase the effective supply including institutional supply, which is the only way for us to promote comprehensive deepening reform under the new normal of economic development.

　　Preventing "Old Wine in New Bottles": Deepening the structural reform of supply side must rely on new ideas, new ideas and new strategies.

　　The supply-side structural reform integrates development and reform, which not only reflects the requirements of the economic policy framework that adapts to the new normal of economic development, but also connects with the overall deployment of comprehensively deepening reform. Supply-side structural reform is a major innovation to adapt to and lead the new normal of economic development, and an active choice to adapt to the new situation of comprehensive national strength competition after the international financial crisis. It is extremely important and crucial to win the supply-side structural reform, which has a bearing on the overall situation and the long-term battle.

　　It is not easy to further deepen the supply-side structural reform under the background of the new normal of economic development and comprehensive deepening reform. In view of the changes in the prominent contradictions and problems we are facing, one problem that needs special attention and key prevention at present is "old wine in new bottles" — — Use inertial thinking to face the new situation and copy customary practices to deal with new problems; At present, an extremely important and urgent task is to comprehensively and systematically adjust the ideas, thoughts and strategies that were used to in the past, unify thoughts and actions into the major policies and decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and promote and deepen the supply-side structural reform under the guidance of the new ideas, new ideas and new strategies of the CPC Central Committee for governing the country.

　　For example, go to capacity. De-capacity, which ranks first in the five major tasks of supply-side structural reform, cannot be equated with the previous "de-capacity", and it cannot be implemented by government administrative means. Overcapacity is the root of all contradictions and problems, and resolving the problem of overcapacity is a major issue that cannot be bypassed in any case. However, de-capacity should and must be based on market regulation and focus on improving the institutional mechanism that makes the market play a decisive role in resource allocation.

　　For example, reducing costs. It should be recognized that the main purpose of reducing the tax burden of enterprises at present is to reduce the cost of enterprises and improve the quality of supply. It is a structural adjustment rather than a total adjustment, and the focus falls on the supply side rather than the demand side. Therefore, tax reduction and fee reduction must not follow the previous "borrowing money" routine — — By expanding the deficit and issuing additional treasury bonds to support tax reduction and fee reduction, we should implement the linkage between tax reduction and fee reduction and government expenditure reduction, so as to make room for enterprises to reduce the tax burden by reducing the scale of government expenditure. Only in this way can the tax burden of enterprises be truly reduced and the pattern of resource allocation be changed in favor of enterprises.

　　For example, make up the short board. As one of the important tasks of supply-side structural reform, we must not simply adopt the method of "adding more water to the surface and adding more water to the surface", but should recognize that the trade-off between manufacturing and service industries is a regular change in industrial structure; Nor can we simply start with maintaining growth and expanding investment, but we should realize that improving people’s livelihood and doing a good job of basic people’s livelihood protection are important areas that need the government to play a better role. The short board should be based on the new normal of economic development, cut in from the important areas and key links that seriously restrict economic and social development, and cut in from the outstanding problems that the people urgently need to solve, which not only complements the hard short board but also complements the short board of development and system.

　　Such as macroeconomic policies. In view of the fact that we have initially formed a policy system with the new development concept as the guide and the supply-side structural reform as the main line, the supply-side structural reform must not be satisfied with the previous paradigm of "acting against the wind" — — We should tighten when the economy is overheated and expand when it is cold. Instead, we should get rid of the limitations of policy adjustment, skillfully combine policy adjustment with institutional arrangements, and realize a new dynamic balance between supply and demand through reform.

　　The above examples are intended to show that the new normal of economic development is different from the old normal of economic development, comprehensive deepening reform is different from simple economic system reform, and supply-side structural reform is different from demand management and regulation. Only by promoting and deepening the supply-side structural reform under the guidance of the new ideas, new ideas and new strategies of the Party Central Committee in governing the country can we win this tough battle, and promote the implementation of economic policies that adapt to the new normal of economic development and comprehensively deepen the realization of reform goals, thus promoting the development of China’s economy in a higher quality, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable direction.

　　(The author is Gao Peiyong, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and a researcher at the Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center)

　　Fanghua, blooming in the sun; Women, show the style of the times.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has been concerned about the all-round development of women, planning and deploying to promote women’s work, and encouraging hundreds of millions of women to hold their heads high, struggle and dream on the new journey of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　"The cause of women has always been an important part of the cause of the party and the people."

　　On February 25, 2021, the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The national summary and commendation meeting for tackling poverty was grandly held here.

　　On the podium, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader leaned over and solemnly awarded the medal to Zhang Guimei, who was in a wheelchair.

　　"Take care of yourself!" The general secretary said with concern.

　　Despite her illness, Zhang Guimei, the principal of Huaping Girls’ High School in Lijiang, Yunnan Province, has held up more than 2,000 girls’ dreams of studying in mountainous areas with her hands for more than 10 years. The general secretary praised her deeds: "Dedicated to education and poverty alleviation, igniting the hope of Dashan girls".

　　More than four months later, she used these plastered hands to "hold" the "July 1st Medal" representing the highest honor in the Party.

　On the first day of the college entrance examination in 2023, Zhang Guimei, the principal of Huaping Girls’ High School in Lijiang, Yunnan, watched the students enter the exam outside the test center (photo taken on June 7, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Jiang Wenyao photo

　　In the name of the country, pay tribute to the hero. On the journey of Chinese modernization, the dazzling light of women’s model shines; In the history of the Republic, the outstanding feats of "Half the Sky" are engraved!

　　"Our party has led the people in the glorious course of unremitting struggle, and every victory has the active participation and outstanding contribution of the majority of women." The words of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader are profound.

　　For more than 100 years, in various historical periods of revolution, construction and reform, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always insisted on writing women’s liberation and development and equality between men and women on its own banner of struggle, always regarded women as an important force to promote the development of the cause of the party and the people, always placed women’s work in an important position, opened up the road for women’s development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and led women to write a wonderful chapter of sharing their destiny with the motherland and fighting with the people.

　　"Women hold up half the sky. How heroic this sentence is! " In the mind of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary, there is no limit to the strength of women.

　　On March 8, 1990, the then Supreme Leader of Ningde District Party Committee Secretary published an article entitled "Women are the Great Force to Promote Social Development — — For the "March 8" International Women’s Day.

　　The article writes, "History and reality tell us that women, who account for more than half of the population, are a great force to promote the development of the whole society. The success of each of our undertakings includes the hard work of women. " Between the lines, full of praise and encouragement to women compatriots.

　　"Good holidays! You are all very energetic today. "

　　On March 8, 2013, during the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader paid a cordial visit to women representatives when he participated in the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation, and said to everyone: "Women representatives are the best among women, and I hope you can give full play to the leading role."

　　In the spring of March, women welcome their own festivals. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, every year at this time, the sincere holiday wishes of the Supreme Leader General Secretary will arrive as scheduled.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader is very concerned about the development of women’s cause. Based on the present and focusing on the future, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made a series of groundbreaking, overall and long-term major decision-making arrangements:

　　"Adhere to the basic national policy of equality between men and women and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children" was written in the 18th and 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and Report to the 20th CPC National Congress;

　　"Pay attention to the construction of family education style and protect the rights and interests of women and children" was written into the third historical resolution of joining the party;

　　At the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, it was clearly put forward that "the system and mechanism for promoting gender equality and women’s all-round development should be adhered to and improved".

　　… …

　　On October 31st, 2013, when the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader talked with the new leadership of the All-China Women’s Federation, he pointed out the way forward for the development of women’s cause in the new era — —

　　"Realizing the goals and tasks put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the overall work of the Party and the country, and it is also the theme of the times of the contemporary women’s movement in China."

　　In the new era and new journey, the development of women’s cause has been endowed with new connotation of the times, and hundreds of millions of women shoulder more important missions.

　　At 23: 57 on November 1, 2018, with the successful launch of the 41st Beidou navigation satellite, thunderous applause sounded in the command hall. Colleagues gave Zhang Runhong thumbs up and praised her.

　　The sonorous password of this satellite launch was issued by 36-year-old Zhang Runhong. This is the first time in China’s space history that a woman is the commander of "01".

　　On the eve of the Spring Festival that year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to a base of the troops stationed in Sichuan to visit the officers and men. Zhang Runhong, who was in the team, reported his ambition to the General Secretary:

　　"Chairman of the report, I still have a goal, which is to become the first woman in China ‘ 01’ Commander. "

　　“‘ 01’ Commander, being able to undertake such a heavy scientific research task is also a sign of the cause of women in our country. I also hope that you can achieve your goal as soon as possible. " The general secretary happily encouraged Zhang Runhong.

　　Women’s heroes struggle to realize their dreams, and the development of women’s career in the new era shows a new atmosphere.

　In the "Women’s Workshop" in Fengcang Village, Shendingshan Town, Miluo City, Hunan Province, workers are producing data lines (photo taken on March 7, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Si Khan photo

　　"We should make unremitting efforts to open up a broad road for the development of women’s cause."

　　On April 19th, 2007, the supreme leader comrade served as the secretary of Shanghai Municipal Party Committee for less than one month, and made a special trip to Shanghai Women’s Federation for investigation.

　　"As soon as he entered the conference room, he shook hands with each of us first." Recalling the scene of that year, Zhang Lili, then Party Secretary of Shanghai Women’s Federation, still could not hide her excitement.

　　"Women hold up half the sky. If we do this half thing well, it will affect the overall situation and the whole." The exhortation of the Supreme Leader made Zhang Lili and other comrades at the meeting feel deeply responsible.

　　Love is consistent, and feelings are deep and lasting.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has profoundly pointed out: "Doing a good job in the Party’s women’s work is related to uniting and rallying the broad masses of women who account for half of China’s population, to providing a powerful force for the development of the cause of the Party and the people, and to consolidating the class foundation and mass foundation of the Party’s governance".

　　From ensuring women’s basic medical and health services to enhancing women’s ability to participate in political and economic activities; From developing vocational education and lifelong education for women to developing international development cooperation in the field of women; From the formulation of the Outline for the Development of Women in China (2021-2030) to the revision of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests … … The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always attached importance to women’s all-round development, leading women to release their creative vitality and realize the value of life.

　　"Domestic service is promising" — — In November 2013, the words made by the Supreme Leader General Secretary during his inspection tour in Jinan Comprehensive Service Center for Migrant Workers strengthened the determination of Zhuo Changli, a domestic worker: "The encouragement of the General Secretary made my heart warm up at once!"

　　Zhuo Changli (middle) guides the domestic servants who are being trained (photo taken on June 2, 2021). Xinhua news agency

　　Care turns into motivation, and expectation inspires action.

　　Today, Zhuo Changli founded the "Sunshine Sister" housekeeping service company from Jinan to the whole country, and the number of domestic attendants has grown to more than 70,000. Zhuo Changli and his sisters also changed their destiny and realized their value in the process of serving the society.

　　"In the process of China people’s pursuit of a better life, every woman has the opportunity to shine in life and make her dreams come true." Listening to women’s voices, respecting women’s wishes, and the affectionate entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary give women the confidence and strength to pursue their dreams.

　　For the training of female cadres, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pays special attention to it.

　　"That meeting was really good, and the care of the supreme leader comrades became the driving force for us to take the road of life well." Thirty years have passed, and Zhu Hua, a retired female cadre, has always been impressed.

　　In 1993, Fuzhou Women’s Federation held a symposium for female cadres and invited the top leader of Fuzhou Municipal Party Committee Secretary to attend the guidance. Comrade Supreme Leader said at the meeting that women’s participation in politics is a sign of social civilization, women’s liberation and the superiority of the socialist system. Accelerating the training of women cadres is the need of speeding up reform, opening up and economic construction, and it is also an important part of the work of our party organization.

　　More than 20 female cadres attending the meeting were encouraged, and they successively took up important positions and played a key role through their own efforts.

　　"The status of women is one of the important symbols to measure the level of civilization in a society. We should understand the characteristics of women cadres and care for them. I hope that women cadres will establish the spirit of self-esteem, self-confidence, self-reliance and self-improvement and boldly carry out their work. "

　　When talking collectively with the members of the new leadership team of the All-China Women’s Federation, he emphasized "caring for their growth and creating a broad stage for more female talents to stand out"; At the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was emphasized that "we should attach importance to the training and selection of female cadres and give full play to their important role" … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has encouraged and supported women to participate in the practice of economic and social development and contribute to the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation.

　　"Aunt, you are here."

　　On the eve of the Lunar New Year in 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader who visited Jinggangshan came to Shende Bookstore in Bajiaolou and recognized Gong Quanzhen as soon as he entered the door.

　　More than two years ago, when meeting with the winners of the Fourth National Moral Model and Nomination Award, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader specially introduced to the participants: This doyen is Gong Quanzhen, the wife of the old general Gan Zuchang. She is over 90 years old this year, and I was deeply moved when I saw her.

　Old man Gong Quanzhen (third from left) and children in Lianhua County, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province (photo taken on May 21, 2013). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chenhuan photo

　　"I had this text when I was a primary school student. The content is that generals are farmers, and we are deeply influenced." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said that half a century later, Gong Lao still carries forward this spirit, and this spirit of hard struggle should be passed down not only by our generation, but also by the next generation.

　　Home is the smallest country, and there are thousands of countries.

　　"Women should play a greater role in society and play a key role in the family." The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pays special attention to the unique role of women in carrying forward the family virtues of the Chinese nation and establishing a good family style, and promotes the harmony of small families to build a harmonious society.

　　With the tide of the times rolling forward, how can women’s federations continue to be the "parents" of hundreds of millions of women? How to make women’s work always new and full of vitality?

　　In July 2015, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the first meeting of the Central Party’s group work in the history of the Party, which opened the curtain of deepening the reform of the Women’s Federation. A year later, the All-China Women’s Federation Reform Plan was issued, and a series of major measures continuously enhanced the political, advanced and mass nature of women’s federations, so that "parents" could speak out when women needed it, defend their rights, and sink into service, and do more practical and good things for women.

　　The "Women’s Grand Presentation" covered more than 1.5 billion person-times online and offline, and more than 4,000 national March 8th Red Flag Bearers and a large number of advanced typical transmission role models;

　　1.08 million women’s groups and 900,000 "women’s homes" and "women’s micro-homes" are distributed in urban and rural communities; Nearly 7 million executive committees of women’s federations at all levels are active at the grassroots level and serve the majority of women;

　　Government cadres regularly go to the grassroots level and go to households to solve practical difficulties for women; The online women’s Federation has been upgraded and developed to create an "online home" for women who are not disconnected for 24 hours;

　　… …

　　"We should make unremitting efforts to open up a broad road for the development of women’s cause" — — The solemn commitment made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core is constantly becoming a beautiful reality.

　　"Every woman is a writer of the times and a struggler for dreams."

　　The outbreak in COVID-19 was sudden. Liu Jiayi, a "post-00" female nurse of Guangdong medical aid team, plunged into Wuhan in the "storm". She said, "If I wear protective clothing, I won’t be a child."

　　This sentence touched China and the world. On October 1, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader told the world the story of this female nurse at the high-level meeting of the United Nations General Assembly to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Beijing World Conference on Women — —

　　"It is thousands of such women in China, dressed in white and retrograde, who have interpreted the kindness of doctors with courage and hard work, and exchanged their responsibility and dedication for the innocent mountains and rivers."

　　State affairs, China women have never been absent. At the critical juncture of fighting the COVID-19 epidemic, in the fiery front line of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, in the forefront of scientific research … … The vast number of women are selfless, fearless and willing to contribute, and have written magnificent women’s chapters.

　　Be a builder of great cause, serve the country and the people, and shine — —

　　On July 21st, 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader met Huang Haifen, a post-90s female village official, at the convenience service center in Gala Village, Linzhi City, Xizang.

　　Knowing that the Chaoshan girl gave up her white-collar job after graduating from college and settled down in the snowy plateau, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader encouraged her: "From the coast to the plateau, you need people here. Do a good job here."

　　Entrust earnestly, such as spring breeze blowing through the heart. Huang Haifen has no regrets and is determined to spend his youth where the party and the people need it most.

　　On September 11th, 2020, at the symposium of scientists, Fu Qiaomei, a female scientist born after 80s who has been engaged in paleogenetics research for a long time, admitted to the General Secretary: "People often ask, ‘ What’s the use of your research ’ . When it was difficult to maintain in the laboratory, I also thought about whether to do a popular research … …”

　　After listening to it, the general secretary said with deep feelings: "What do you think of the unpopular? Generally speaking, some unpopular things are useless. This understanding may delay the career in a field. To evaluate scientific research, we must have a long-term vision, a world vision and a scientific vision. "

　Fu Qiaomei, a "post-80s" female scientist who has been engaged in paleogenetics research for a long time, gave a keynote speech at the 3rd China Archaeological Congress held in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province (photo taken on October 18th, 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Heshe

　　Bearing in mind the encouragement of the General Secretary, Fu Qiaomei sat on the "cold bench" and led the team to continue to study in the field of paleogenome research.

　　The individual "ego" is integrated into the "ego" of the party and the country, and the majority of women are self-reliant and forge ahead, contributing wisdom and strength to the development of various undertakings in the country.

　Women volunteers from Huyuan Township, Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, promoted local specialty foods and agricultural products at the rural market (photo taken on March 3, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yushe

　　Be an advocate of civilized fashion, carry on the tradition and carry forward the virtues — —

　　On the morning of June 29th, 2021, at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, the Party Central Committee awarded the "July 1st Medal" for the first time.

　　"Wang Lanhua, there you go again, again with honor." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader greeted the old man whom he had seen during his visit to Ningxia the year before.

　　Wang Lanhua, who is over 70 years old, is a volunteer leader of Jin garden club in wuzhong, Ningxia, and is called "Living Lei Feng" in the community. She said that when encountering difficulties, she often thinks of what the General Secretary said: "Socialism is done".

　　From the "Wang Lanhua Enthusiastic Group" with only seven people to the volunteer team with over 95,000 people, Wang Lanhua, who is over 70 years old, led a group of enthusiastic aunts and embarked on an increasingly broad "love avenue".

　　"Orchid fragrance", actions speak louder than words.

　　In the early morning, Huawu Village, Qianxi City, Guizhou Province was busy. In the non-legacy workshop, embroidered mothers are flying needles and rushing to make a batch of Miao Xiu clothing orders.

　Miao embroidered mothers are making Miao costumes in Huawu Village, Xinren Miao Township, qianxi county, Bijie City, Guizhou Province (photo taken on February 20, 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Wenbin photo

　　On February 3, 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Huawu Village. Peng Yi, a non-genetic inheritor, told the General Secretary about his experience of returning to his hometown to start a business and develop Miao Xiu skills. The general secretary affirmed: "Miao Xiu is both traditional and fashionable. You embroidered it one by one. How wonderful!"

　　Bearing in mind the general secretary’s encouragement that "Miao Xiu must be carried forward", Peng Yi not only provided a platform for local women to learn Miao Xiu skills, but also actively explored the innovative development of Miao Xiu, so as to rejuvenate ancient Miao Xiu.

　　Li Jin, Teng Bian, Jia Ya Tibetan Carpet … … In the local investigation and research, the general secretary has had exchanges with many female non-genetic inheritors. Good talk and expectation will inspire women to pass on Chinese excellent traditional culture from generation to generation with confidence.

　　Be a struggler who dares to pursue dreams, work hard and make progress — —

　　The 2019 Women’s Volleyball World Cup was held in Japan from September 14 to 29. China women’s volleyball team won the championship and successfully defended its title by winning 11 consecutive victories.

　　On the occasion of celebrating the 70th birthday of New China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader specially invited China women’s volleyball team members who just won the championship to attend the National Day reception, and cordially met with women’s volleyball representatives before the meeting. The general secretary praised: "You showed the spirit of the motherland first, unity and cooperation, tenacious struggle and never give up."

　　On October 7th, 2023, the China Women’s Volleyball Team achieved another success in the Hangzhou Asian Games, winning the gold medal in the Asian Games for the ninth time with a total victory of six games.

　On October 7th, 2023, the China Women’s Volleyball Team achieved another success in the Hangzhou Asian Games, winning the gold medal in the Asian Games for the ninth time with a total victory of six games. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Tao photo

　　Enthusiastic words, earnest entrustment, inspire women’s volleyball girls to dominate the arena, inspire hundreds of millions of women to forge ahead and dream of rejuvenation with the most beautiful posture.

　　In 2012, Liu Yang embarked on a flying journey, and women in China wandered the vast universe for the first time.

　　"You are a heroine, and a representative of women who hold up half the sky. Now you have become the ‘ of women in China; Image ambassador ’ ！” During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress in 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader cordially praised Liu Yang.

　The return capsule of Shenzhou-9 spacecraft successfully landed in the reserved area of the main landing site in central Inner Mongolia, and astronaut Liu Yang got out safely (photo taken on June 29th, 2012). Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianmin photo

　　"We are lucky to catch up with the good times of national development, and we will definitely write the honor of our motherland all over space!" Liu Yang said firmly.

　　Ten years passed, and Liu Yang devoted himself to preparing for the war. In 2022, she knocked on the sky again with the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft.

　　The sea is wide and the fish jumps, and the sky is high and birds fly.

　　"On the new journey, every woman is a writer of the times and a struggler who pursues dreams. It is necessary to unite the strength of women, gather the wisdom of women, respect and care for women, guide women to actively participate in the great practice of the new era and new journey, and make new and greater contributions to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way. "

　　Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the vast number of women cherish the beautiful dreams endowed by the great era, and make contributions and continue to write glory in the vast world of the new journey with their lofty sentiments and hard work.

　　Text reporters: Huang Yue, Dong Boting, Wang Mingyu.

　　Poster design: Xie Yue

　　Editor: Wang Qiuyun, Yang Wenrong, Zhang Huihui, Hao Xiaojing, Qi Wenjuan, Wang Haocheng, Wu Jinfu

　　Coordinator: He Yuxin and Zhou Yongyan

　　At the dark moment of mankind when the COVID-19 epidemic brought disaster and panic to the whole world, the United States, which always positioned itself as a "world leader", not only failed to lead other countries to jointly fight the epidemic and curb the epidemic of the COVID-19 epidemic, but kept blaming it, from the former President Trump calling the new coronavirus "China virus" to the US government led by the current President Biden pressuring the World Health Organization, pointing its finger at China again, resulting in increasingly politicized virus traceability. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the United States has stigmatized the epidemic, labeled the virus and politicized the source, which violates scientific common sense and ignores the lives of people around the world. American politics manipulates the extremely serious scientific issue of Covid-19’s origin, which makes it an important means for American politicians to confuse people at home and gain political capital, and to confuse people to suppress China internationally.

　　The politicization of the US pressure on WHO traceability has intensified.

　　China, as the first country to report the confirmed cases of COVID-19, was also seriously injured in the early stage of the epidemic. Where did Covid-19 come from, and where did the COVID-19 epidemic break out? It needs scientific tracing work. In March this year, with the full support of China, an international expert group of the World Health Organization came to China to carry out the traceability work of Covid-19. On the basis of in-depth analysis of a large number of data, the joint research report of China was officially released, and it was concluded that Covid-19 was "extremely unlikely to be introduced by the laboratory", which pointed out the direction for the next joint traceability research in many countries and places around the world. At the same time, with the disclosure of confirmed cases earlier than Wuhan in relevant countries, the necessity and urgency of global traceability in Covid-19 are highlighted.

　　However, on July 16th, the "Second-stage Traceability Work Plan" notified by the secretariat of the World Health Organization to member countries turned the investigation direction back to China. This work plan, which lacks transparency in the drafting process, ignores the most important research directions such as global early cases and cold chain-transmitted viruses, which are most concerned at present, and is contrary to the resolution of the 73rd World Health Assembly and the conclusions and suggestions of the China-WHO joint research report on traceability in Covid-19. As an international organization that leads and coordinates the global anti-epidemic, why does the World Health Organization put forward a work plan that does not conform to the conclusions and recommendations of its first-phase research report?

　　In this work plan, we can easily see the shadow of the "laboratory leakage theory" that prevailed among American politicians from the Trump administration to the Biden administration. Since the outbreak of new crown pneumonia, western countries, led by the United States, have been speculating about the virus leaked by Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. After the expert group of the World Health Organization has come to the conclusion that the virus is "extremely unlikely to be introduced from the laboratory", it is still biting. Biden ordered the US intelligence community to prepare a "traceability report" on the origin of the virus 90 days later on May 26th. In August this year, the investigation report of the Republicans of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the US House of Representatives on the origin of COVID-19 and Wuhan Virus Institute, "Covid-19 Origin: Investigation on Wuhan Virus Institute", once again ignored the facts and put forward the fallacy that "Covid-19 was leaked by Wuhan Virus Institute".

　　From these two examples, we can easily see that the "laboratory leakage theory" is just an issue for American politicians to gain political capital at home. But there is a fatal flaw in both US President Biden’s orders and Republican reports — — The study of virus traceability is a serious scientific issue, but the report is led by politicians and intelligence personnel, based on preconceived assumptions and information that catches the wind. Such a report does not have any credibility, but is only a purposeful arrangement and combination of relevant information, which is used as a tool to meet political needs.

　　Looking back at history, this is also the consistent practice of the United States. In 1993, the United States concocted the "Yinhe" incident. The United States claimed that the cargo ship Yinhe of China transported chemical weapons raw materials to Iran and stopped it in the international waters of the Indian Ocean for 33 days. The final investigation confirmed that the "Yinhe" did not carry chemical weapons raw materials, and finally it was abandoned. In 2003, the United States made a big lie about Iraq’s possession of "weapons of mass destruction" and launched the Iraq war on this ground. Now, this method has been used in the traceability of Covid-19. We don’t know what kind of political pressure the World Health Organization is under, but it needs to be clear that the virus tracing work is serious scientific work, and the "second-stage tracing plan" for the sake of "laboratory leakage theory" is "presumption of guilt" for China, and this politicization of tracing is unacceptable.

　　The China part of Covid-19’s global traceability has reached a conclusion. For the second stage of traceability, China has also put forward a Chinese plan. Including taking the resolution of the World Health Assembly as the guide, taking scientists as the main body and carrying out scientific traceability based on evidence; The first stage of traceability research has been carried out, especially if a clear conclusion has been reached, and the second stage should not be repeated. The focus should be on the potential transmission routes such as "very possible" and "possible" defined by joint research reports such as animal (intermediate) host introduction and cold chain transmission, so as to promote traceability research in many countries and places around the world; Fully learn from the practice, mechanism and methods of the first phase of virus traceability work to promote the orderly and smooth development of traceability work; The expert group should be established on the basis of the first-stage traceability research experts, and fully respect the professional level, international reputation and experience of the members of the expert group.

　　The United States is not qualified to be the "teacher" of virus traceability.

　　Since the outbreak of the New Crown Pneumonia epidemic, the United States and its allies have been discrediting and throwing pots at China, achieving the dual goals of gaining political capital at home and suppressing China internationally. The source of the virus is global, and the initiator of the "laboratory leakage theory" should be the United States, and there are a lot of doubts to be investigated by scientists.

　　For nearly 20 years, the United States has blocked the resumption of negotiations on the verification protocol of the Biological Weapons Convention on its own. In 2019, at the meeting of States parties to the Biological Weapons Convention held in Geneva, the overwhelming majority of States parties advocated the negotiation of a protocol aimed at comprehensively strengthening the Convention, including the verification mechanism. However, the United States once again blocked the resumption of negotiations on the verification protocol. The reason of the United States is that the biological field cannot be verified, and international verification "may threaten US national interests and trade secrets" and is conducive to "industrial espionage." As long as the verification mechanism is established under the framework of the Biological Weapons Convention, it can be used to constrain whether the biological laboratories of various countries comply with the Biological Weapons Convention, and it will be clear who will comply and who will breach the contract, and all problems will be solved. The United States has set up at least 200 biological laboratories in 25 countries and regions around the world, which is the country with the largest number of biological laboratories at home and abroad. What are the hidden secrets in these secretive places that make the United States strongly obstruct the resumption of negotiations on the verification protocol of the Biological Weapons Convention? The answer is meaningful.

　　Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the United States and other countries have hyped China’s "laboratory leakage theory" and even discriminatively called the new coronavirus "Wuhan virus". In the first phase of the World Health Organization (WHO) virus traceability work, Wuhan Institute of Virology experienced a rigorous investigation by a joint expert group of WHO, and came to the authoritative conclusion that the virus was "extremely unlikely to be introduced from the laboratory". So, since the United States holds high the banner of "laboratory leakage theory", should its notorious and doubtful Fort Detrick laboratory be investigated by scientists?

　　Fort Detrick has a P4 biological laboratory affiliated to the US Department of Defense and at the same level as Wuhan Institute of Virology in China. It is one of the most advanced research laboratories for toxins and antitoxins in the world. The people of China are victims of bacteriological warfare and chemical and biological weapons. During the Japanese war of aggression against China, the 731 troops of the Japanese army conducted a terrible bacteria test and human experiment in the northeast of China. After World War II, Fort Detrick hired Shiro Ishii, the head of Unit 731, as a senior consultant, on condition that he was exempted from being investigated for war crimes. So far, no matter how loud the international community is calling for the investigation of the Fort Detrick base in the United States, the U.S. government has always been secretive about this issue.

　　In July 2019, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suddenly ordered the closure of the biological laboratory at Fort Detrick military base, and the government ordered the experimental base to stop all research on the most deadly viruses and pathogens. The reason given by the official is that the inspection of the laboratory by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in June 2019 found that there are worrying places in the standard operating procedures used to protect the staff of biosafety level 3 and level 4 laboratories; The biological protection laboratory did not conduct regular recertification training for employees; The steam disinfection factory in the laboratory has failed, and there is not a perfect system to purify the wastewater in its highest security laboratory. A few reasons are understated, but the behind is shocking, which means that there are long-term problems in P4 biological laboratory, which is the highest level and the most dangerous in the world. Does the United States’ obstructionism in restarting the verification protocol of the Biological Weapons Convention also mean that it has a shocking secret in its biological laboratory? If not, why not accept the virus traceability investigation like China?

　　Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, American politicians have not put people’s life and health first, but have used the epidemic as a tool to gain political capital, which has led to the failure of epidemic prevention and control in the United States. As a country with the highest public health system in the world, the United States has actually become the country with the largest number of confirmed cases and deaths in the world. Even so, American politicians still don’t put 100% energy on how to improve the prevention and control of domestic epidemic, but constantly use the COVID-19 epidemic to throw the pot and discredit China.

　　How can the only country in the world that hinders the resumption of negotiations on the verification protocol of the Biological Weapons Convention, the country with the largest number of biological laboratories in the world, and the country with the largest number of confirmed cases and deaths in the world lead such a serious scientific work of virus traceability? The United States is not qualified to dictate the traceability of the virus.

　　Punch the political lies of the United States in Covid-19.

　　Looking back at history, human beings have always struggled with infectious diseases, from plague, smallpox and cholera to AIDS, SARS and Ebola virus. Every time an infectious disease is pandemic, human society will experience a painful lesson. However, the history of human struggle against infectious diseases is also a history full of wisdom. The pandemic of infectious diseases in the era of globalization needs the full coordination of all countries as never before. In the face of global challenges, mankind needs sincere unity as never before.

　　However, from the outbreak until now, what we have seen is that the western countries, led by the United States, are full of biased, narrow and sinister political means, trying to take the new pneumonia epidemic as an opportunity to suppress China. With the manipulation of American politicians step by step, the COVID-19 epidemic has already surpassed the global epidemic of infectious diseases in a simple sense, and has become a bargaining chip for western countries led by the United States to wrestle with China. At the beginning of the outbreak, China government closed the exit passage of Wuhan, a city with a population of 10 million, with unprecedented determination, and implemented quite strict epidemic prevention and control policies, which finally made China one of the most successful countries in epidemic prevention and control. On the other hand, in the United States, politicians who are keen on party struggle have different opinions on the epidemic prevention and control policies, and the epidemic situation has gradually deteriorated in the debates in Congress. Therefore, it has become the best choice for some politicians in the United States to constantly speculate on the "China laboratory leakage theory" and shift the responsibility for the failure of epidemic prevention and control to China.

　　The traceability of Covid-19 needs evidence, which should be a process of scientific proof, and requires a strict and standardized investigation by an expert team composed of authoritative scientists. Covid-19’s traceability should be global in scope, not only for China, but also for the presumption of guilt of "if you don’t find it the first time, check it several times". Only in this way can the global fight against the epidemic move in the right direction, and the end of the epidemic in COVID-19 can usher in the dawn.

　　The international community must not let the political manipulation of the United States mislead the direction of the world, politicize such a serious scientific issue, and make excuses for the failure of the United States in fighting the epidemic, let alone let it pressure the World Health Organization or other international organizations. We need to debunk the political lies of the United States on the origin of the virus in appropriate occasions of the international community and on various platforms of international public opinion, so that the international community can realize that the United States is the biggest black hand in the politicization of Covid-19’s origin, and let people of all countries see clearly the political conspiracy of the United States to suppress China.

　　(Ren Mengshan: Professor, Ph.D. Supervisor and Director of International Communication Research Center, Communication University of China; Chen Qiang: Ph.D. candidate in Communication, Communication Institute, Communication University of China, 2020)